Timeline - בית טרזין

Demographic diagram, November 24, 1941 – June 30, 1944

Changes in the population of the ghetto, including the number of people deported to Theresienstadt by country of origin, the number of people deported from the ghetto, births and deaths.

1933

30.1 - Adolf Hitler ascended to power
20.3 - The first concentration camp was established in Dachau
1.4 - A boycott of all Jewish businesses was declared in Germany

1933

1935

15.9 - The Nuerenberg Laws were enacted

1935

1938

13.3 - The Anschluss – the annexation of Austria
29-30.9 - The Munich Agreement was signed
9-10.11 - The Kristallnacht pogrom

1938

1939

15.3 - German invasion of Czech districts
16.3 - Establishment of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia
July - Establishment of the Central Office for Jewish Emigration in Prague
1.9 - Beginning of the Second World War

Deportations in 1939‏

4,750 Jews were deported to Nisko, in the Lublin region

1939

1940

9.4 - German invasion of Denmark and Norway
14.5 - Occupation of the Netherlands

1940

1941

22.6 - Beginning of the Barbarossa Operation
10.10 - Decision to establish the Theresienstadt ghetto
24.11 - The first transport arrived at the ghetto
4.12 - Arrival of a transport including the 22 members of the Council of Elders

Deportations in 1941

7,365 Jews from the Protectorate were deported to the Theresienstadt ghetto
5,000 Jews from Prague were deported to the Lodz ghetto
1,000 Jews from Brno were deported to Minsk

1941

1942

9.1 - First transport of 1,000 people left from the Theresienstadt ghetto to the Riga ghetto.
9.1 and 26.2 - Execution by hanging of sixteen young Jews in the Ghetto caught performing banned acts
20.1 - Wannsee Conference - The ghetto received an additional designation as a destination for elderly people from Germany and Austria
27.5 - Heydrich assassinated in Prague
June - Jews began to arrive from Germany and Austria

Deportations in 1942‏

In 1942, 99,601 Jews were deported to Theresienstadt:
52.125 from the Protectorate
33,554 from Germany
13,922 from Austria

44,871 of the ghetto’s Jews were deported to the East: Riga, Izbica, Piaski, Zamosc, Maly Trostenets, Lublin, Auschwitz-Birkenau

1942

1943

31.1 - Dr. Paul Eppstein from Berlin was appointed the ghetto’s second Jewish Elder
April - First deportation of Dutch Jews to the ghetto
July - Initial planning of the ghetto’s beautification in preparation for the visit by the Red Cross
6.9 - First transports to the “family camp” at Birkenau
October - Further deportation of Danish Jews to the ghetto
24.8 - 1,260 children from Bialystok arrived at the ghetto
5.10 - 1,196 Bialystok children and 53 escorts from the Theresienstadt ghetto were deported to Birkenau. All were murdered in the gas chambers

Deportations in 1943

Deported to Theresienstadt:
7,758 Jews from the Protectorate
5,384 from Germany
295 from Austria
456 from Denmark

17,014 of the ghetto’s Jews were deported to the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp

1943

1944

23.6 - A delegation of the International Committee of the Red Cross visited the ghetto
17.7 - The "Artists' affair" – Interrogation and imprisonment of five artists whose works portrayed the reality in the ghetto
28.9 - Dr. Paul Eppstein, the second Jewish Elder, was arrested and executed at the Small Fortress. He was replaced by Dr. Benjamin Murmelstein
23.12 - Deportation of Jews from Slovakia to the ghetto

Deportations in 1944‏

7,010 Jews were deported to Theresienstadt:
413 Jews from the Protectorate
1,652 from Germany
209 from Austria
4,599 from the Netherlands
8 from Denmark
129 from Slovakia

12,737 Jews from the camps were brought to Theresienstadt in the final months of the war
25,405 of the ghetto’s Jews were deported to the Auschwitz-Birkenau death camp

1944

1945

5.2 - A transport of 1,200 ghetto inmates left for Switzerland and freedom
20.4 - The death marches began to arrive at the ghetto
May - The Red Cross took over administration of the ghetto. Murmelstein retired as Jewish Elder
4.5 - "Czech aid action" under the leadership of epidemiologist Dr. Raschka. Medical teams from Prague arrived at Theresienstadt to combat the typhoid epidemic
8.5 - Liberation of the ghetto
2.9 - End of the Second World War

Deportations in 1945‏

6,894 Jews were deported to Theresienstadt:
3,667 Jews from the Protectorate
2,138 from Germany
22 from Austria
1,447 from Slovakia
1,074 from Hungary

12,737 Jews from the camps arrived at the ghetto in the final weeks of the war 1,600 Jewish inmates were released and sent to countries that had not been invaded, even before conclusion of the war